Donnely, Gibson and Ivancevich divide the types of problems and decisions as follows:
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Problems:
- Well structured - easy to understand, clearly defined and occur repeatedly and can be routinely managed.
- Ill structured - poorly understood, vague, occur rarely and it is necessary to deal with them creatively and innovatively
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Decisions:
- Programmed - a decision regarding the well structured problems and typically takes place at lower levels of management
- Unprogrammed - a decision concerning the poorly structured problems and typically takes place at higher levels of management
All schematically shown in the picture below:
Source: According to Donnelly, Gibson, Ivancevich, 1997.
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