The concept of turbulence was introduced in the field of management by Peter F. Drucker in 1980 after he published a book Managing in Turbulent Times.
We can use an analogy with turbulence as manifestations of the atmosphere (the existence of ascending or descending air currents). The atmosphere can be considered as a surroundings of the organization, and plane as the organization. In the atmosphere certain phenomena take place, that to a greater or lesser extent affect the movement of the plane (organization) and which can not be totally avoided.
The turbulence can be with a certain degree of probability foreseen, therefore it is possible to prepare for it and minimize negative impacts on the safe flight and reach the goals.
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