GIS (Geographic Information System) is a concept of informatics. This is an information system able to work with spatial data (with a spatial information). The system is based on a geodatabase, which stores spatial data. GIS has the following essential functions:
- Data Collection
- Data saving
- Data disclosure and presentation
- GIS analysis implementation
- Mapping
Parts of GIS:
- Hardware- computers, input devices (GPS, etc.) and output devices (printer, plotter, …)
- Software- Special software packages for work with spatial data
- Data- own spatial and related non-spatial data
- Users – workers who are able to work with GIS and use its tools
Data in GIS:
- Spatial data – a formulation of spatial properties of objects and phenomena on the Earth surface
- Non-spatial data - can be linked to spatial data
GIS systems are used in many fields of the human activity, in fact anywhere, where is a need to work with spatial information. Simply, it can be said that where maps were used previously, the geographic information systems have penetrated today.
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