Owner (owner of an organization, owner of an enterprise) is a term used to describe individuals (or groups of individuals) who invested to the organization the capital, and has the sovereign right over the organization and its property. Number and structure of owners depends on the type of organization and the applicable laws of the State where the organization operates. The owner has the right to profits and bears the total risk.
For small organizations (enterprises) generally applies that the owner performs all management functions. However it is not the rule and the owner may hire a management. In the case of medium and large organizations, when the management cannot make one person, this transfer is inevitable.
The owner then manages the organization through its strategic objectives, particularly a vision and strategic objectives. They are then realized by managers.
When there is a large number of owners (e.g. shareholders), there is the atomization of strategic ideas and their effective transfer to the organizational management and it becomes more distinctive separation of property function and managerial role. The more owners the stronger is the division and the influence of individual shareholders is weaker. For example, in joint stock companies the strategic function of the owner is transferred to the statutory authorities.
In case of the public administration, the owner is the state. For the organizations in public sector, the state may not always be the owner, but the owners may be different.
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